He picked up a fistful of salt and mud, and manufactured salt by boiling it in sea water. 13. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), negotiations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that were aimed at curtailing the manufacture of strategic missiles capable of carrying nuclear weapons. After their arrests, the march continued under the leadership of Sarojini Naidu, a woman poet and freedom fighter, who warned the satyagrahis, "You must not use any violence under any circumstances. [62] The British responded with more laws, including censorship of correspondence and declaring the Congress and its associate organisations illegal. The first agreements, known as SALT I and SALT II, were signed by the … [81] Civil disobedience continued until early 1931, when Gandhi was finally released from prison to hold talks with Irwin. [30] This revolt gained momentum and had support from all parts of India. For the end of Balaam is in fact the end of Balak as well. The story appeared in 1,350 newspapers throughout the world and was read into the official record of the United States Senate by Senator John J. [10] It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience movement which continued till 1934. Time declared Gandhi its 1930 Man of the Year, comparing Gandhi's march to the sea "to defy Britain's salt tax as some New Englanders once defied a British tea tax". [27] Gandhi later claimed that success at Bardoli confirmed his belief in satyagraha and Swaraj: "It is only gradually that we shall come to know the importance of the victory gained at Bardoli ... Bardoli has shown the way and cleared it. Defying the Salt Act, Gandhi reasoned, would be an ingeniously simple way for many Indians to break a British law nonviolently. [84] Congress leaders decided to end satyagraha as official policy in 1934, and Nehru and other Congress members drifted further apart from Gandhi, who withdrew from Congress to concentrate on his Constructive Programme, which included his efforts to end untouchability in the Harijan movement. Gandhi declared resistance to British salt policies to be the unifying theme for his new campaign of “satyagraha,” or mass civil disobedience. We believe also that if any government deprives a people of these rights and oppresses them the people have a further right to alter it or abolish it. India won its independence in August 1947. Upon arriving at the seashore on 5 April, Gandhi was interviewed by an Associated Press reporter. After he ignored the letter and refused to meet with Gandhi, the march was set in motion. Since the late-1910s, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had been at the forefront of India’s quest to shake off the yoke of British colonial domination, otherwise known as the “Raj.” The thin and abstemious former lawyer had led civil disobedience against colonial policies, encouraged ...read more, Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years ...read more, The only daughter of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi was destined for politics. [69] One British Indian Army Soldier Chandra Singh Garhwali and troops of the renowned Royal Garhwal Rifles, refused to fire at the crowds. [17], Gandhi felt that this protest would dramatise Purna Swaraj in a way that was meaningful to every Indian. Other estimates have ranged from hundreds to many thousands. Foreign journalists and three Bombay cinema companies shooting newsreel footage turned Gandhi into a household name in Europe and America (at the end of 1930, Time magazine made him "Man of the Year"). [citation needed], The participants halted at Dandi on the night of 5 April, with the commemoration ending on 7 April. Advancing northeast from Frankfurt, elements of the Third Army cut into the future Soviet Zone and advanced on Gotha. [54][55], The following morning, after a prayer, Gandhi raised a lump of salty mud and declared, "With this, I am shaking the foundations of the British Empire. Most of them simply dispersed after the march was over. However, Gandhi had sound reasons for his decision. : Symbolic construction during the Indian nationalist movement,", Masselos, Jim. An American academic writing for The Nation reported that "60,000 persons gathered on the bank of the river to hear Gandhi's call to arms. The British government in India has not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but has based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally and spiritually. [26] The Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928 was much more successful. [73], Gandhi himself avoided further active involvement after the march, though he stayed in close contact with the developments throughout India. The Salt Satyagraha campaign was based upon Gandhi's principles of non-violent protest called satyagraha, which he loosely translated as "truth-force". Under the tax, all Indians required salt the satyagraha continued without him the peaceful protesters attacked... Were not yet ready for successful nonviolent resistance plans to march on the Dharasana salt Works, mi...: symbolic construction during the Non-co-operation movement, this time Gandhi was at the end June... The Dandi Path and has been declared a historical heritage route of Vedaranyam for. 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