It is necessary to have a registered electronic card (the "Bilhete Único Carioca (BUC)") in order to benefit of this system. [116] The city is the headquarters of large telecom companies, such as Intelig, Oi and Embratel. [27] Passos also named Dr. Oswaldo Cruz as Director General of Public Health. Sites of interest include the Paço Imperial, built during colonial times to serve as a residence for the Portuguese governors of Brazil; many historic churches, such as the Candelária Church (the former cathedral), São Jose, Santa Lucia, Nossa Senhora do Carmo, Santa Rita, São Francisco de Paula, and the monasteries of Santo Antônio and São Bento. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. [65] The highest accumulated rainfall in 24 hours was 167.4 mm (6.6 in) in January 1962. [134][135], Some notable higher education institutions are Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Federal University of the Rio de Janeiro state (UNIRIO); Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ); Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ, often nicknamed Rural); Fluminense Federal University (UFF); Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio); Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV); Military Institute of Engineering (IME); Superior Institute of Technology in Computer Science of Rio de Janeiro (IST-Rio); College of Publicity and Marketing (ESPM); National Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics (IMPA); Superior institute of Education of Rio de Janeiro (ISERJ) and Federal Center of Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET/RJ). There are more than 137 upper-learning institutions in whole Rio de Janeiro state. A part of them joined the Portuguese and the other the French. Most paths run alongside beaches and extend intermittently from the Marina da Glória, Centro, through Flamengo, Copacabana and Ipanema, to Barra da Tijuca and Recreio dos Bandeirantes. In addition to evangelical churches such as the Baptist, Methodist, Seventh-day Adventist and Pentecostal churches, such as the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, Assembly of God, Christian Congregation in Brazil and The Foursquare Church. It has an altitude of 1024m. Rio de Janeiro has the second largest municipal GDP in the country,[7] and 30th largest in the world in 2008,[8] estimated at about R$343 billion (nearly US$201 billion). For example, the hip hop that has stemmed from New York is localized into forms of musical production such as Funk Carioca and Brazilian hip hop. Cultural & Theme Tours . [108], Rio de Janeiro has the second largest GDP of any city in Brazil, surpassed only by São Paulo. The Santa Teresa Tram, bonde (tram), or bondinho (little tram), has been preserved both as a piece of history and as a quick, fun, and inexpensive way of getting to one of the most quirky parts of the city. In 2016, for the Olympic Games, the light rail system was inaugurated, with 28 km, 42 stations, distributed in 3 lines. This full-day tour of Rio de Janeiro with convenient hotel pickup is a popular choice for visitors with limited time in the area. This was more police killings than any year since official records started in 1998. A years long military aggression was then initiated by the new Governor General of Brazil Mem De Sa, and later continued by his nephew Estacio De Sa. Duration: Flexible In Brazilian Popular Music & Globalization, 135–60. About Rio De Janeiro. The Ministry of Education has certified approximately 99 upper-learning institutions in Rio. The 1984 film Blame It on Rio was filmed nearby, with the rental house used by the story's characters sitting at the edge of the forest on a mountain overlooking the famous beaches. The annual festivals play a crucial role in understanding Rio’s culture from a more interactive perspective. According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in 2010 the population of Rio de Janeiro had 3,229,192 Roman Catholics (51.1%), 1,477,021 Protestants (23.4%), 372.851 Spiritists (5.9 percent), 37,974 Jehovah's Witnesses (0.6 percent), 75,075 Buddhists (0.2 percent), 52,213 Umbanda (0.8 percent), 21,800 Jews (0.3 percent), 25,743 Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (0.4%), 16,776 new eastern religious (0.2%), 28,843 Candomblé (0.4%), 3,853 Mormons (<0.1%), 5,751 Eastern Orthodox Christians (<0.1%), 7,394 spiritualists (0.1%), 964 Muslims (<0.1%), 5,662 esoteric (<0.1%), 802 were Hindu (<0.1%).Others 858,704 had no religion (13.5%), and 113,530 followed other forms of Christianity (1.8%). [161], As in the rest of Brazil, association football is the most popular sport. Romantic and realist modes both flourished through the late 19th century and often overlapped within works.[145]. Amado, himself, went on to be one of the 40 members of the Academy. [189] The tramcars currently in operation are Brazilian-built, are of the cross-bench open-sided design, and are fitted with trolley poles. Rio de Janeiro, the second-largest city in Brazil, has been one of the most popular tourist destinations for decades. Every 31 December, 2.5 million people gather at Copacabana Beach to celebrate New Year's in Rio de Janeiro. "The Localization of Global Funk in Bahia and Rio." [140], Rio de Janeiro is a main cultural hub in Brazil. The 2011 Military World Games were the largest military sports event ever held in Brazil, with approximately 4,900 athletes from 108 countries competing in 20 sports.[166]. [90] A large majority has some recent sub-Saharan ancestor. Brazil ended up losing 2–1 in front of a home crowd of more than 199,000. This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies. Per capita GDP is US$11,786. Time zone changes for: Recent/upcoming years 2020 — 2029 2010 — 2019 2000 — 2009 1990 — 1999 1980 — 1989 1970 — 1979 The beaches of Barra da Tijuca are also popular with the residents from other parts of the city. Cruz's plans to clean the city of diseases included compulsory vaccination of the entire population and forced entry into houses to kill mosquitos and rats. The history of the Brazilian Academy of Letters is linked to the Real Gabinete, since some of the early meetings of the Academy were held there. Rio de Janeiro police arrest evangelical Mayor Crivella. [136], Primary schools are largely under municipal administration, while the state plays a more significant role in the extensive network of secondary schools. The West Side of Rio has many historic sites because of the old "Royal Road of Santa Cruz" that crossed the territory in the regions of Realengo, Bangu, and Campo Grande, finishing at the Royal Palace of Santa Cruz in the Santa Cruz region. Rio de Janeiro became an attractive place for companies to locate when it was the capital of Brazil, as important sectors of society and of the government were present in the city, even when their factories were located in other cities or states. After a derailment occurred on 27 August 2011,[191] which left six dead, tram service was suspended to improve the system. [31] Though many thought that it was just campaign rhetoric, Kubitschek managed to have Brasília and a new Federal District built, at great cost, by 1960. This is an elite area of the West Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Famous players born in the city include Ronaldo and Romário. Rio is the first Brazilian and South American city to host the Summer Olympics. Rio was home to the Portuguese Imperial family and capital of the country for many years, and was influenced by Portuguese, English, and French architecture. Rio de Janeiro was the name of Guanabara Bay. On 6 February 1889 the Bangu Textile Factory was founded, with the name of Industrial Progress Company of Brazil (Companhia Progresso Industrial do Brasil). Their priority areas are engineering, technical and medical disciplines. Book Now. Another sport that is highly popular in beaches of Rio is called "Frescobol" (pronounced [fɾe̞ɕko̞ˈbɔw]), a type of beach tennis. And even though 77% of universities are private, federal and state educational institutions remain the most powerful and prestigious. Nowadays, the palace hosts the National Museum, specialising in Natural History, Archaeology, and Ethnology. [139], In Rio, there were 1,033 primary schools with 25,594 teachers and 667,788 students in 1995. The decontamination actions involve the transfer of sludge to large craters present in the lagoon itself, and the creation of a new direct and underground connection with the sea, which will contribute to increase the daily water exchange between the two environments. The most geographically close sister city to Rio that is on the other side of Guanabara Bay is Niterói. [190] A ticket is R$20.00 (about US$3.75),[190] one way or return, and people pay as they pass through the barrier to the right of the entrance. The factory was officially opened on 8 March 1893, in a complex with varying architectural styles like Italianate, Neo-Gothic and a tower in Mansard Roof style. [119], Rio de Janeiro is (as of 2014[update]) the second largest exporting municipality in Brazil. The stadium is owned by the city of Rio de Janeiro, but it was rented to Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas for 20 years. But where do you begin? [30], Plans for moving the nation's capital city from Rio de Janeiro to the centre of Brazil had been occasionally discussed, and when Juscelino Kubitschek was elected president in 1955, it was partially on the strength of promises to build a new capital. The Carnival in Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Carnaval do Rio de Janeiro) is a festival held every year before Lent and considered the biggest carnival in the world with two million people per day on the streets. The statues on the top, of two women representing Poetry and Music, are by Rodolfo Bernardelli, and the interior is rich with furnishings and fine paintings. Internationally famous, Brazilian-made movies illustrating a darker side of Rio de Janeiro include Elite Squad and City of God. [99], Rio de Janeiro has had a rich and influential Catholic tradition. Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy, the Empire of Brazil, until 1889, and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília. According to the people, the raise in the bus and subway fares are invalid, seeing that the amount charged is too high for the low quality of the services. In general, the test results showed that European ancestry is far more important than the students thought it would be. Another type of local bus is called the "Frescão" (air-conditioned). [20] At that time the number of slaves was drastically reduced and the city was developed, with modern drains, animal trams, train stations crossing the city, gas and electric lighting, telephone and telegraph wiring, water and river plumbing. Rio de Janeiro's Theatro Municipal is one of the most attractive buildings in the central area of the city. In Brazil, most interstate transportation is done by road. The large West Zone (Zona Oeste), long cut off by the mountainous terrain, had been made more easily accessible to those on the South Zone by new roads and tunnels by the end of the 20th century.[34]. [176], Rio de Janeiro has three subway lines (Metrô Rio) with 58 kilometres (36 mi) and 41 stations plus several commuter rail lines. The Olympic Games were held from 5 to 21 August 2016. No visit to Rio de Janeiro is complete without experiencing the glamour and rhythm of a colorful samba show. [164] Rio made their first bid for the 1936 Summer Olympics, but lost to Berlin. According to the 2010 IBGE Census, there were 5,940,224 people residing in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, or Rio, is the capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro and the second-largest city … Book Now. The population of the city of Rio de Janeiro, occupying an area of 1,182.3 square kilometres (456.5 sq mi),[35] is about 6,000,000. Rio has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) that closely borders a tropical monsoon climate (Am) according to the Köppen climate classification, and is often characterized by long periods of heavy rain between December and March. [162], Rio de Janeiro was one of the host cities of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, for which on both occasions Brazil was the host nation. Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known for its natural settings, Carnival, samba, bossa nova, and balneario beaches[11] such as Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon. 4. The city of Rio de Janeiro is served by the following airports for use: The Port of Rio de Janeiro is Brazil's third busiest port in terms of cargo volume, and it is the center for cruise vessels. [24], Donohoe was horrified to discover that there was absolutely no knowledge of football among Brazilians. People can buy tickets for the Metro at train stations and can either buy single tickets or rechargeable cards. What can you expect from a country of fiery samba and bright carnivals, football, capoeira, and white pants when it comes to higher education? Barra da Tijuca. 1. The state, which has 8.2% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for 9.2% of the Brazilian GDP. Rio de Janeiro also became the first city in the southern hemisphere outside of Australia to host the games – Melbourne in 1956 and Sydney in 2000. It is headquarters to Brazilian oil, mining, and telecommunications companies, including two of the country's major corporations – Petrobras and Vale – and Latin America's largest telemedia conglomerate, Grupo Globo. The first Carnival festival in Rio occurred in 1723.. The Metro runs services from 05:00 am to 12:00 midnight, Monday to Saturday, and from 07:00 am to 11:00 pm Sundays and public holidays. There are 53 University-preparatory schools with 14,864 teachers and 154,447 students. [133], The most prestigious university is the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. A genre unique to Rio and Brazil as a whole is Funk Carioca. Although cheap and frequent, Rio's transportation policy has been moving towards trains and subway in order to reduce surface congestion and increase carrier capacity. Location: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the late 19th century, there were sessions held of the first Brazilian film and since then, several production cycles have spread out, eventually placing Rio at the forefront of experimental and national cinema. One of the city neighborhoods is Paquetá Island, which can only be accessed by ferryboats or hydrofoil boats. [9] Despite the high perception of crime, the city actually has a lower incidence of crime than most state capitals in Brazil.[10]. [36] The population of the greater metropolitan area is estimated at 11–13.5 million. Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822, when the War of Brazilian Independence began. Christ the Redeemer (Corcovado) is Brazil's most iconic landmark and a trip to Rio is not complete without visiting it! Classes start from about 80 BRL ($20 USD). Trams leave every 20–25 minutes between 8:00 am and 5:40 pm. It is also the largest library in all of Latin America. [101] Saint Sebastian is recognized as the city's patron saint, which is why it received the canonical name of "Saint Sebastian of Rio de Janeiro". Due to the high concentration of industries in the metropolitan region, the city has faced serious problems of environmental pollution. Its architecture embraces churches and buildings dating from the 16th to the 19th centuries, blending with the world-renowned designs of the 20th century. [150], The Real Gabinete Português de Leitura (Portuguese Royal Reading Library) is located at Rua Luís de Camões, in the Centro (Downtown). [40], The Marapendi lagoon and the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon have suffered with the leniency of the authorities and the growth in the number of apartment buildings close by. The street and the nearby beach, famous tourist spots, are remarkable for their popularity in the LGBT community. Christ Redeemer, Sugar Loaf and Corcovado Mountain from Rio. [12] The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, and the XV Pan American Games. For the state, see, From the top, clockwise: panorama of the buildings of the. Rio de Janeiro Tourism: Tripadvisor has 1,294,017 reviews of Rio de Janeiro Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Rio de Janeiro resource. This bicycle sharing system is sponsored by the municipal government of Rio de Janeiro in partnership with Banco Itaú. The second line runs from Botafogo, sharing ten stations with the first line, terminating at Pavuna in northern Rio. Formally known as "Cidade da Música" (City of Music), it was finally inaugurated at the beginning of 2013. Rio de Janeiro is also paradise for rock climbers, with hundreds of routes all over the city, ranging from easy boulders to highly technical big wall climbs, all inside the city. The city's centre of gravity began to shift south and west to the so-called Zona Sul (South Zone) in the early part of the 20th century, when the first tunnel was built under the mountains between Botafogo and the neighbourhood that is now known as Copacabana. There are 370 secondary schools with 9,699 teachers and 227,892 students. The splendor of the building, with straight and sober lines, is due to the changing stained glass windows carved on the walls up to the dome. The city has 160 km (99 mi) of cycle paths that, wherever they exist, are very much preferable to riding in the city's traffic. Copacabana is also a great place to surf, as well as "Arpoador of Ipanema" beach and "Praia dos Bandeirantes". They later made bids for the 2004 and 2012 Games, but failed to become a candidate city both times. Corcovado Mountain and Christ Redeemer statue half-day tour. After the 1964 coup d'état that installed a military dictatorship, the city-state was the only state left in Brazil to oppose the military. There are also international schools, such as the American School of Rio de Janeiro, Our Lady of Mercy School, SIS Swiss International School, the Corcovado German School, the Lycée Français and the British School of Rio de Janeiro. From Belo Horizonte: BR-040. In Rio de Janeiro, buses are the main form of public transportation. The city is an ideal tropical vacation destination wrapped up in a rich culture and picture-perfect beaches. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. Day Trips & Excursions. There are nearly 440 municipal bus lines serving over four million passengers every day, in addition to intercity lines. The city is the nation's top tourist attraction for both Brazilians and foreigners. Some roads (like Via Dutra, to São Paulo, and a stretch of the BR-101 which covers the Rio-Niterói bridge) were chartered to private enterprises. After the opening in 1893, workers from Great Britain arrived in Bangu to work in the textile factory. Taking into consideration the network of influence exerted by the urban metropolis (which covers 11.3% of the population), this share in GDP rises to 14.4%, according to a study released in October 2008 by the IBGE. [33], The centre (Centro), the core of Rio, lies on the plains of the western shore of Guanabara Bay. The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Rio de Janeiro, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 95 min. Democratic renewal also allowed for the recognition and acceptance of this diversification of Brazilian culture.[155]. One of the most famous hills in the city is the 842-metre-high (2,762-foot) Pedra da Gávea (Crow's nest Rock) bordering the South Zone. The International Airport of Rio de Janeiro (Galeão – Antônio Carlos Jobim International Airport, named after the famous Brazilian musician Antônio Carlos Jobim), the main campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro at the Fundão Island, and the State University of Rio de Janeiro, in Maracanã, are also located in the Northern part of Rio. Climbing the world’s largest coastal monolith is one … [44] The city experiences hot, humid summers, and warm, sunny winters. Home of one of the largest stages in Latin America and one of Brazil's best known venues for opera, ballet, and classical music, the building was inspired by the Palais Garnier, home of the Paris Opera. The city has a history as host of major international sports events. Portuguese born people accounted for 20.4% of the population of Rio, and those with a Portuguese father or a Portuguese mother accounted for 30.8%. Rio is an important financial centre, second only to São Paulo in volume of business. ", The largest Brazilian cities – 2010 IBGE Census, "Portuguese descent in the city of Rio de janeiro and Brazil", Venâncio, R.P., "Presença portuguesa: de colonizadores a imigrantes", in, "Color and genomic ancestry in Brazilians", "Consulado do Japão no Rio disponibiliza telefone para prestar informações sobre o país | Agencia Brasil", "Negros e pardos do Rio têm mais genes europeus do que imaginam, segundo estudo", "Association of genetic variants with self-assessed color categories in Brazilians", "2010 Population Census – Rio de Janeiro", "Brazil – Statistics by Diocese by Catholic Population", "Catedral Metropolitana de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro", "Fiéis participam de procissão em homenagem ao padroeiro do Rio", "FGV: desigualdade entre favela e asfalto cai no Rio", "Rio é a cidade com maior população em favelas do Brasil", "Complicit States and the Governing Strategy of Privilege Violence: When Weakness is Not the Problem", "Rio violence: Police killings reach record high in 2019", "Comparing Brazilian states with countries", "Economy Of Rio de Janeiro, need To Know Economy Of Rio de Janeiro, About Economy Of Rio de Janeiro", "Rio de Janeiro será a capital do petróleo entre os dias 13 e 16 de setembro – Agricultura |RuralBR", "Exports by Product for Rio de Janeiro (2014)", "International Trade by Section for Rio de Janeiro (2014)", "Worldwide Cost of Living survey 2011 – Top 50 cities: Cost of living ranking", "SP é a 10ª cidade mais cara do mundo para estrangeiros; RJ é a 12ª", "Rio de Janeiro lidera lista de hotéis mais caros do País", "Rio de Janeiro is the main tourist destination in the South Hemisphere", "G1 – Rio recebe quase 1 milhão de turistas homossexuais por ano, diz pesquisa – notícias em Rio de Janeiro", "International Schools in Rio de Janeiro", "As 18 melhores universidades do Brasil em 2015 - EXAME.com", "QS University Rankings: Latin America 2015", "Faculdades reconhecidas pelo MEC, Vestibular, Apostilas, Universitário, Profissão, Professor", "Rio de Janeiro International Film Festival", "Official website – National Library of Rio", "Um pedaço de Portugal no Rio de Janeiro – Opinião e Notícia", "The Top 10 Music Festivals in the World", "Rio de Janeiro to host 2016 Olympic Games", "Botafogo vai administrar estádio olímpico do Engenhão", "International Airport of Rio de Janeiro", "WPS – Port of Rio de Janeiro contact information", "Rio de Janeiro Public Transportation Statistics", Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, "O DIA Online – Linha 3 do metrô vai receber R$35 milhões da União", "Tarifa de ônibus no Rio aumenta de R$ 3,40 para R$ 3,80 neste sábado", "Novas tarifas de ônibus com ar condicionado e da integração ônibus-metrô", G1: Bombeiros confirmam cinco mortos em acidente com bonde no Rio, "Santa Teresa Tramway: Vehicles, 1875–present", "Bondinho de Santa Teresa passa por testes", "Prefeitura lança Bike Rio, novo sistema de aluguel de bicicletas da cidade", "Itaú patrocina programa de aluguel de bicicletas no Rio", "Rio + Internacional 2009–2012 / 2013–2016", "Rio-Beirut project to link up sister cities' initiatives", "Перелік міст, з якими Києвом підписані документи про поріднення, дружбу, співробітництво, партнерство", "Liverpool China Sister City Partnerships", "La Déclaration de Nice signée par la Ville de Rio de Janeiro", "Geminação entre cidades de Olhão e Rio de Janeiro vai avançar", "Samarkand and Gyeongju become sister cities", "Lei 1383/89 – Lei nº 1383 de 10 de maio de 1989", Rio de Janeiro Photo Gallery – Year of Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea UNESCO property on google arts and culture, Category:Buildings and structures in Rio de Janeiro (city), Transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil, Category:Transport in Rio de Janeiro (city), Rio de Janeiro-Galeão International Airport, Category:People from Rio de Janeiro (city), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rio_de_Janeiro&oldid=1015931630, Populated coastal places in Rio de Janeiro (state), 1565 establishments in the Portuguese Empire, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles containing Portuguese-language text, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt), Articles with dead external links from May 2017, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Articles with dead external links from February 2016, Articles with dead external links from October 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with trivia sections from May 2019, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea. 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( 1918–2005 ) cities on the other part was assimilated. [ ]! Brazilian Census of 1920 showed that European ancestry 44 ] the city, as well as luxury companies winds about... Make Rio your next big Adventure students will rather ignore reading the best in... And could probably be called the symbol of Rio de Janeiro time in the city faced... Named after Brazilian ex-FIFA president João Havelange bicycles available at 60 rental stations in 14 throughout! Well above the National unifying agent in Rio. key aspects of the official song Rio! Available train up to the statue the Teatro Municipal has close to seats! Considered good luck to shake the champagne bottle and spray around at midnight Formula...
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